Global powers are pursuing deeper partnerships across Africa, but the defining question is no longer simply who is arriving. With fifty-four sovereign governments weighing competing offers involving ports, minerals, manufacturing, technology, finance and security, Africa’s opportunity may lie in determining what each partnership leaves behind.
When Development Feels Like Displacement: Zambia, Foreign Capital, and the Return of a Familiar Feeling
As Chinese investment reshapes Zambia’s infrastructure, a deeper tension emerges—growth is visible, but not always shared. This piece examines the human side of development.


